Importance Of C:N Ratio in plants

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PLANT NUTRITION

The definition of a plant nutrient  is a chemical element that is necessary or beneficial for plant growth or some other life-cycle process such as reproduction

The carbon in plants 

The carbon dioxide is the main source of carbon. The plants take the carbon through stomata which are present in epidermis of leaves and stem.

Plants use carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, in this process the plant converts the energy from the sun into a chemical carbohydrate molecule and help in the production of other. organic carbon molecule

During photosynthesis the carbon dioxide is converted into glucose with the help of oxygen and water molecule with the presence of sun light

 
 
 

 The carbon act ac a back bone   for all molecules

The glucose made in photosynthesis is transported around the plant as soluble sugars.

glucose is converted into insoluble substances for storage such as Oils, Fats, Starch, cellulose.

Glucose and starch can be converted into other substances in plants such as cellulose for cell walls and Proteins for growth and repair

The cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, pectin, and other form of glucose complex gives a structure to the plants

 

 The nitrogen in plants

The availability of nitrogen is of prime importance to growing plants for nitrogenous constituents like amino acids, proteins, enzymes and genetic materials.

The ammonia  and  nitrates is produced by microorganisms by the processes of nitrogen fixation and it is transfers to plants through ammonia transporter and nitrate transporter 

The nitrates and ammonia are utilized by the plants and produce the amino acids proteins and genetic materials etc,. 
 
These amino acids and proteins in the form of enzymes involved in various biochemical activities which is help for the growth and multiplication 
 
Nitrogen is very important in photosynthesis because it forms chlorophyll pigment
   

How the carbon and nitrogen are correlated  

In order to grow a plant must acquire thousands of different organic compound like PROTEINS  (which are necessary is the formation of enzymes and structural components), the NEUCLIC ACID (which control the  development and heredity of cell) and LIPIDS and CARBOHYDRATES (which acts as both structural components and reserve foodstuff).

 

C:N ratio

It is defined" as the ratio of the weight of organic carbon to the weight of total nitrogen in a soil, plant or organic matter”. It is the relationship between organic matter and nitrogen content of soils or plants
 
In growing plant the C:N ratio is very important because if anyone is become more it will affect gradually on plants growth
 
The C:N ratio is differs from plant to plants and differs from parts of  a plant 
 
The  green leafy plants having low C:N ratio the woody brown plants  having high C:N ratio 

   The alfalfa plant have low C:N ration( 11:1)

 
 

The rye crop is also have a low C:N ratio (25:1) 


Some other  organic component s C:N ratio

 
In growing plant the C:N ratio is very important because if anyone is become more or less it will affect gradually on plants growth 
 
 The C:N ratio is normal range (20 and 25:1) this is enough to grow normally because the nitrogen deficiency will not get, so the growth and multiplication occurs normal
 
 If the C:N ration is broad (like 50:1)  the carbon weight is more and the nitrogen is less it will effect on the formation of genetic material like DNA, RNA and it mainly effects on cell multiplication and also effect on the protein synthesis which are act as an enzyme involved in various biochemical process
 
 
  Because of this reason the plant become dwarf and more rigid, fiber content will more in the plant, the leaf will loss their color and they become hard and thick
 
Because of N deficiency the leaf looses their color (improper chlorophyll pigment formation) 
 

If the C:N ratio is very less ( the nitrogen is more compared to carbon ) the multiplication will be high and the glucose formation will stop and structural component like cellulose formation will less so the energy yielding process stops , stunted growth, leaf and other part will shrinks, the plant will grow very narrow and importantly the strength of the plant is very less 


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