Importance of soil testing in agriculture

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SOIL 

Soil is a non living things but it give the life to so meany organisms. The soil is made up of organic matters, minerals, gaseous particles, water content and huge variety of organisms.

 

Soil is arranged in different layers or horizons they are 

1)Surface soil also called it as O horizon, it contains humus, dead and decaying materials the microorganisms are mainly presents in this layer  

 2) Top soil it is also called it as A horizon it contains complex mineral particles 

3) Sub soil it is also called B horizon it contains carbonates iron and some other minerals 

4) Partially weathered rocks or c horizons 

5) Hard bed rocks 

 

There are different types of soil is present on earth they are Sandy soil, Clay soil, Silt soil, Loamy soil, Peaty and Chalky soil

Whey we have to test the soil?

Soil testing is very important to check the quality of soil , in soil testing there are two kinds one is for construction engineering and for agricultural purposes

Soil testing for agricultural purposes is very important to know the physical chemical and biological properties of the soil.

By testing the soil sample we can check the  mineral quantity which essential and act as a nutrition for the plant growth by this we can know we have to add extra nutrition are not

By soil testing we can give the required quantity of fertilizer to the plants and we overcome the loss of fertilizers. And we can get the good quality and yield of the products.

By testing soil pH and electrical conductivity we can analyze the soil environment.

 If we did not do the soil testing what will happened?

If we did not do the soil testing we fail to know the quality of the soil, and we did not get the mineral property of the soil, by this we add more fertilizer to the agricultural field by this nutritional means mineral toxicity will happened. It will mainly affects on the growth and yield of the crops. If we add more and more fertilizer to the agricultural field it will reduces the microorganisms numbers which is very important to the plants growth. Most of the micro organisms are in symbiotic relationship with plants that they are helps to each other.

So we have to do soil testing at least once in two years. Soil testing for agricultural purposes is doing in Agricultural universities, Horticultural department, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) and private laboratories also their.

 

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